Thursday, September 3, 2020
Tupac Shakurs The Rose free essay sample
The Rose That Grew from Concrete, an assortment of sonnets composed by Outpace Shaker, Incorporates a wide range of sonnets with various themes and subjects. These Include love, passing, commitment sonnets, and even legislative subjects. There are many engaging sonnets all through the assortment, yet I have an individual determination of sonnets that are my top picks. My preferred sonnet is Only 4 the Righteous, which is a sonnet which utilizes certain words that are casual, yet Outpace clarifies them with a progressively close to home meaning.For model, Lyrics loaded with information truth and comprehension/Hobbies rapping is my solitary amusement/resign u must be on a drug/why since Ill never extricate up my copy hold (lines 6-9). It is my preferred sonnet since it assists with showing his ability that is regularly disregarded by contemporary America. Additionally, my other most loved sonnets incorporate The Rose That Grew from Concrete, which Is a personal sonnet, If There Be Papal, and How Can We Be Free. We will compose a custom article test on Tupac Shakurs The Rose or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The Rose That Grew from Concrete Is one of my preferred sonnets on the grounds that Outpace, In the sonnet, sorts his life as a rose that rose from the solid. This Is representative to living In neediness. Like the rose, Outpace needed to battle to endure. TLD u catch wind of the rose that developed from a break/In the solid/Proving natures laws wrong it figured out how to stroll/without having feet (p 3. Lines 1-4). In the event that There Be Pain is a sonnet that was composed to interest the feelings, and I like this sonnet in light of individual reasons.If there be pain,] all u need to do/is approach me 2 be with u. How Might We Be Free is a sonnet that is written it could be said of way of talking to every African American. It is intended to Jog the mind and give thought to why we generally feel persecuted. There arent any sonnets that are unappealing to any way. I love Outpace as a craftsman, artist, and an artist. I can identify with a ton of his sonnets and they will in general intrigue to the feelings. I would prescribe this book to any individual who Is a devotee of verse with a differing determination of points and subjects.
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Changes Introduced by the Ottomans to Arab Urban Life Essay
Changes Introduced by the Ottomans to Arab Urban Life - Essay Example The Chronicle and the Muslim courts record archive that are the migration of the stylishly disagreeable businesses in the city, or more every one of, the tanneries as the populace spread past the old divider. For a similar explanation, graveyards and mosques sprang out in regions where even none had ever existed (Hathaway and Barbir 145). Open showers likewise expanded in the number, in this way demonstrating the bigger groupings of the individuals in the more extensive field of the domain. The court note, furthermore, settled debates inside the new neighborhoods, property buys, non-Muslims, and a few dealers living in the areas where they were officially unrepresented. This demonstrates some positive segment move in the urban zones. Another change that was presented in the urban was the improved promoting. The developments of social occasion places like the mosques united individuals, which thus brought about the trading of good and administrations (Hathaway and Barbir 139). The development of the slowed down structure likewise pulled in more vendors who got various products available to be purchased, since it was simple for them to store their merchandize and discover a spot to live. In addition, as it was before the period of Ottoman, Muslims never lived close to the Christians or different gatherings of individuals. Be that as it may, during the Ottomans period, they are seen to at any rate draw nearer and even remains close to their neighborhoods. This is a portion of the progressions that were presented in the urban. Regard inside the private quarters and the individuals security shows other basic changes that were presented (Hathaway and Barbir 144). As observed, the quarters are pressed just isolated by the divider yet every one regarded their neighborââ¬â¢s property. Additionally, the association was likewise among changes that were presented. Vendors would walk and group together in the neighboring home to the promoting focus, and will agreeable invited (Hathaway and Barbir 140). From the
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Analysis of Batter My Heart Essays
Investigation of Batter My Heart Essays Investigation of Batter My Heart Paper Investigation of Batter My Heart Paper In the sonnet ââ¬Å"Batter my heart, three-personed Godâ⬠, John Donne depicts a pained speaker who is encountering an otherworldly aggravation in tolerating his present confidence and who is accordingly communicating his craving to reestablish his confidence in God and his religion. All through this strict piece, Donne utilizes the utilization of representations which give intimations with regards to what the speaker is feeling during the sonnet and conundrums to epitomize the speakerââ¬â¢s demand. In light of the principal proclamation of the sonnet alone, unmistakably the lines to follow will include a type of strict clash, as appeared by the order said by the speaker, ââ¬Å"Batter my heart, three-personed Godâ⬠. Corresponding to the remainder of the sonnet, one can reason that the ââ¬Å"three-personed Godâ⬠to which the speaker is alluding is an analogy for the Holy Trinity of the Christian religion; the utilization of the word ââ¬Å"batterâ⬠fills in as a precursor to the later savage solicitations of the speaker. The comparison utilized in line 5 of the sonnet which thinks about the speaker to a usurped town shows that the speaker is in an undesired and defenseless position, similarly as a city would be soon after being appropriated by a remote adversary. In this allegorical sense, the speaker is requesting that God shield him and recover him from this obscure adversary. This thought can be later affirmed in lines 7 and 8 where the speaker straightforwardly talks about Godââ¬â¢s endeavor to ââ¬Å"recaptureâ⬠his spirit. In spite of the fact that this affirmation of an awesome intercession is clear to the speaker, he in any case expresses that ââ¬Å"Reason, [Godââ¬â¢s] emissary in meâ⬠¦/demonstrates feeble or untrue,â⬠and that this instrument of God has itself been ââ¬Å"captivedâ⬠. Because of this absence of confidence, the speaker expresses that his endeavors to acknowledge God have been useless when confronted with this ââ¬Å"enemyâ⬠. The utilization of illustrations and likenesses inside the sonnet have the general impact of assisting with setting up the state of the speaker so as to give motivation to his solicitation.
Beowulf vs. Grendel free essay sample
Beowulf is the saint of the Geats and goes to the guide of Hrothgar, the ruler of the Danes, to assist him with disposing of a beast name Grendel who was assaulting lord Hrothgarââ¬â¢s mead lobby. This epic is told in third individual, and spotlights on Beowulfââ¬â¢s perspective. John Gardnerââ¬â¢s Grendel is written in the main individual and is in the beast Grendelââ¬â¢s point of view. The setting is in Denmark, 1000 A. D. , and centers around absence of correspondence, disengagement, and dejection. Despite the fact that John Gardnerââ¬â¢s Grendel is a prequel of the epic Beowulf, they each have a few contrasts and similitudes, causing one to ask: how does the epic Beowulf investigate to John Gardnerââ¬â¢s Grendel in setting, point of view, and portrayal? ââ¬Å"He was told by the craftiness of arms had modified the Old Danish Kingdom from the ashesâ⬠(Beowulf). This announcement made by the storyteller, shows the setting of the epic, which as I recently expressed was Denmark and Geatland, which is presently Southern Sweden. We will compose a custom exposition test on Beowulf versus Grendel or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It was initially written in Old English, however was later meant cutting edge English. The epic Beowulf, whose creator is obscure, is believed to be the best epic of now is the ideal time. John Gardnerââ¬â¢s Grendel happens in Denmark during the fourteenth century, however it was composed well after that. In the novel Grendel, Grendel states ââ¬Å"loaded with rings King Finn couldn't won't, the Danes the cruised homeâ⬠(Grendel). This announcement shows that both Beowulf and Grendel have similar settings. It was written in 1970ââ¬â¢s, and is set in the fourth century A. D. It is the side project of Beowulf, and recounts to the account of Grendel, one of the beasts in the epic Beowulf. Both of the composing had alternate points of view. In the novel, Grendel satiates ââ¬Å"Scat! I murmur. Return to your cavern, return to your cowshed-whateverâ⬠(Grendel Chap. 1) This announcement shows the point of view of the novel Grendel, which is first individual. The epic Beowulf is written as an outsider looking in and is about how the saint Beowulf comes and makes all the difference by battling beasts. Beowulf interacts with three beasts who each represent three unique stages throughout his life. After Beowulf catches wind of the assaults on the Danish Kingdom, he chooses to assist King Hrothgar and battle his first beast named Grendel. This represents his childhood and how incredible of a legend he is. The subsequent beast is Grendelââ¬â¢s mother. After she heard that Beowulf murdered her child, she was rankled and needed vengeance. This battle shows that he is getting more established in light of the fact that he made some harder memories slaughtering Grendelââ¬â¢s mother, however that he is as yet an incredible warrior since he had the option to execute her. The last beast he battled was the monster. The mythical beast was attempting to safeguard his fortune and wound up annihilating a portion of the Danish Kingdom. This battle foreshadowed Beowulfââ¬â¢s passing. The sagas subject is courage. The individuals of the Danish Kingdom accept he is such an incredible saint, that he turns into an image of everything great, and Grendel turns into the image of shrewdness. The announcement from Beowulf states ââ¬Å"Then more distant he hied, for the strong legend with hand he got a handle on, felt for the enemy with wicked hook, for the saint reclining,â⬠(Beowulf). The announcement shows that the Danes thought of Beowulf as a legend. In John Gardnerââ¬â¢s Grendel, the beast Grendel is the storyteller and is recounting to an incredible tale. The books subjects are the torment of confinement and absence of correspondence, and the intensity of stories. Wherever Grendel goes, he is disengaged. He has no companions, and can't make any companions in light of the fact that nobody in the domain he lives in can get him. The main individual who can comprehend him is his mom, and even that is constrained in light of the fact that his mom has gotten quiet. Since nobody truly gets him, he winds up turning out to be known s a beast when he attempts to support Abel. He gets his dead body, and when the Shaper sees him, he makes up a story that Grendel slaughtered Abel which shows the intensity of stories. Grendel states ââ¬Å"And I, Grendel, was the clouded side, he said in actuality. The awful race God reviled. â⬠(Grendel), which shows he feels God has made him a beast. In conclusion, the epic Beowulf, and the novel Grendel look into by portrayal. They share some the a portion of similar characters, however they don't remain the equivalent. Since Beowulf and Grendel share a similar setting, they additionally share the character King Hrothgar, which is the lord that Beowulf went to help when Grendel was pulverizing the mead lobby. This announcement from the epic Beowulf states ââ¬Å"To Hrothgar I in significance of soul would aid bring, so the Wise-and-Brave may most noticeably awful his foes,â⬠(Beowulf), which shows the character Hrothgar. He continues as before in both the epic and the novel. They likewise share all the beasts Beowulf battles in his epic, similar to the Dragon. In the epic, the winged serpent is ravenous beast that stores his fortune, and slaughters Beowulf. In the novel, he is all knowing, and offers guidance to Grendel. They additionally share Grendelââ¬â¢s mother. In the epic, she was irate and mean. In the novel, she is stressed mother who truly needs the best for her child. Grendel likewise changes in light of the fact that, in the epic, Grendel was the immense ruinous beast who was fixated on murdering. In the epic Grendel just truly needs to fit in and be acknowledged. He is likewise depicted as youngster. The epic and the novel had correlations like the settings which were both in Denmark and were set in 500 A. D. They likewise share a portion of similar characters like King Hrothgar, Beowulf, Grendel, Grendelââ¬â¢s mother, and the mythical beast. A portion of the complexities the two works have are their points of view. As I recently expressed, the epic was written as an outsider looking in. It was written in the past tense, yet regularly alludes to what's to come. The epic was written in the principal individual, and is likewise written in the past tense. Something different they share for all intents and purpose is the hero. They are both the hero of their own story. They additionally contrast from one another by their significant clashes. The epic is separated into three distinct clashes. They are Grendelââ¬â¢s assaults on the mead lobby, the vengeance of Grendelââ¬â¢s mother once Grendel bites the dust, and the displeasure of the Dragon after a hoodlum took a portion of his fortune. Despite the fact that the two primary characters appear to be so not the same as one another, they make them thing that integrates them. At long last, the two of them kick the bucket alone. Grendel was distant from everyone else for an incredible duration and in light of the fact that he was unable to make any companion, he was separated from everyone else when Beowulf executed him. Beowulf was adored for an amazing duration, and was encircled by individuals until his battle with the Dragon. All the men he carried with him were too terrified to even consider fighting the Dragon, aside from one named Wiglaf. This shows regardless of the amount you were cherished throughout everyday life, anybody can kick the bucket alone. In the epic, Wiglaf states ââ¬Å"Such is the quarrel, the foemanââ¬â¢s rage, passing contempt of men: so I demit it sure that the Swedish people will look for us home for this fall of their companions, the battling Scylfings, when once they discover that our warrior head dead lies, who land and crowd at any point shielded from his enemies, advanced his folkââ¬â¢s weal, completed his course a scarcely heroâ⬠(Grendel). He is foreseeing that Geatland will be assaulted in light of the fact that their incredible legend is dead. Since Grendel is a prequel of Beowulf, a peruser would need to peruse the two books to comprehend Grendel. In spite of the fact that these two books have contrasts, the examinations integrate the two books and furthermore give two alternate points of view of a similar story.
Friday, August 21, 2020
This is a re-written story of Beowulf from Wiglafs point of view.
This is a re-composed story of Beowulf from Wiglafs perspective. Beowulf's test would at long last come, and would before long discover that chivalry has a cost. Beowulf had quite recently become lord. The times of Geatland had been smooth throughout the previous fifty years, yet one day things changed. A mythical serpent had started to risk the security of the realm. Our excessively prideful and grandiose ruler considered the dangers of the winged serpent to some degree an individual test, as he had highly esteemed keeping up the impressive solace in the realm for the last 50 years. So it appears that Beowulf chose to endeavor to kill the monster. I was horrified at this choice, thinking about his age. Beowulf expressed I am old, presently, yet I will battle once more, look for popularity still. In the event that the monster stowing away in his pinnacle sets out to confront me. I'd utilize no blade, no weapon, if this mammoth could be murdered without it, squashed to death like Grendel, held in my grasp and torn appendage from limb.English: A rep resentation of Beowulf battling the d...But this breath will be consuming hot; toxic substance will pour from his tongue. I feel no disgrace, with shield and blade and protective layer, against this beast: when he comes to me I intend to stand, not run from his shooting flares, remain till destiny chose which of us wins. My heart is firm, my hands quiet: I need no hot words. Sit tight for me near to, my companions. We will see, soon, who will endure this ridiculous fight, stand when the battling is finished. Nobody else could do what I intend to, here, no man however me could would like to crush this beast. Nobody could attempt. What's more, this current monster's fortune, his gold and everything covered up in that tower, will be mine or war will clear me to a harsh demise! What a bonehead he was! This cleaned up, has been, arrogant...
Monday, August 3, 2020
Khan Lab School Opening Day
Khan Lab School Opening Day Back in June we told you that weâd be experimenting with a learning lab, and today marks the opening of the Khan Lab School, which will be composed of a small cohort of around 30 students. Khan Academy has a history of summer camps and working with classrooms, which have both really helped us better understand opportunities to help teachers and students. In order to take an even more hands-on and sustained approach, the Khan Lab School will research blended learning and education innovation by creating a working model of Khan Academyâs philosophy of learning in a physical school environment and sharing the learnings garnered with schools and networks around the world. Our goal is to develop new, personalized practices that center around the student. As this model is developed, we will be sharing and testing the practices in diverse settings to offer new ways of thinking about Khan Academy and the classroom. The lab school will focus on developing practices that empower students to realize that they can shape the systems and solve problems of the world through their own character, intellect, and passion. There are already thousands of classrooms across the world that are using Khan Academy. We learn so much from these classrooms and try to share those learnings with other schools and educators. A small-scale lab school helps us further explore how physical environments can be reimagined and blended with online tools to empower teachers and students. The intent is not just to develop practices, but also to share them in ways most likely to effect broad change. We intend to further share with the world through in-house research fellowships, teacher workshops, videos, publications, and the broader Khan Academy platform. As this is a research lab school, it is not open for general enrollment at this time. But if youâd like to be on an email list to hear more about the lab school in the coming months, you can sign up here. - Jason Pittman, Head Teacher, on behalf of the Khan Lab School team
Sunday, June 21, 2020
Florizel and Perditas Relationship Analyzing Act IV, Scene IV - Literature Essay Samples
Florizel and Perdita are depicted in The Winterââ¬â¢s Tale as the epitome of young love. Whilst the majority of the play is surrounded by heartache, pessimism and paranoia, Florizel and Perditaââ¬â¢s relationship serves as a reminder of hope and happiness as they are seen as a breath of fresh air against a backdrop of hate and jealousy. Within Shakespeares play, it is clear to see that both characters deeply love each other as they openly talk about it together and the audience get to see how Florizel views Perdita through his endless and poetic compliments. Whilst Perdita is dressed in ââ¬Ëunusual weedsââ¬â¢, adorned with flowers and dressed as Queen of the Feast, Florizel, who is dressed as a young shepherd named Doricles, remarks that she looks like ââ¬Ëno shepherdess, but Floraââ¬â¢. So although both of them are fully aware of the class difference and the implications a love like theirs could bring, Florizel tells her that she no longer looks like a shepherdess of a lower class but instead looks like a goddess. Interestingly, the goddess Flora, whom he refers to, in Roman mythology is the deity of flowers and the season of spring so not only is Shakespeare showing that in Florizelââ¬â¢s eyes Perdita is a goddess but he is also emphasising their youth through the connotation of spring. We get the sense that the pair are truly a breath of fresh air as their innocent, youthful love is most likely rather endearing to the audience. Furthermore Florizel continues his compliments associated with divinities as he says ââ¬Ët his your sheep-shearing is as a meeting of the petty godsââ¬â¢, so he is effectively saying that she is so beautiful that even the gods are below her and are ââ¬Ëpettyââ¬â¢ in comparison. Whilst some may argue that the complements are over-the-top and exaggerated this shows an aspect of love that relates to perception. The audience clearly see from the start that Perdita is the light of his life and he views her as so beautiful that even divine beings cannot compete with her. Their youth and young love could be seen as rather charming. Shakespeare continues to emphasise the charming and likeable nature through Perditaââ¬â¢s responses as she has such an appealing quality of humility that the audience begins to see why Florizel fell in love with her in the first place. After Florizelââ¬â¢s poetic lines Perdita responds by saying ââ¬Ëto chide at your extremes it not becomes me: O, pardon, that I name themââ¬â¢ so she isnââ¬â¢t going to argue but does tell him that she is far less than the complements gives her, she even goes as far as to call them ââ¬Ëextremesââ¬â¢ showing how modest she is. Her modesty is further emphasised by the way she refers to him as ââ¬Ëmy gracious lordââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëyour high selfââ¬â¢, and ââ¬Ëthe gracious mark on the landââ¬â¢ and through doing so she shows that she is conscious of the fact that he is of a higher social class than she is, and of course there is dramatic irony because the audience knows that there would be no need for her to give him these t itles if she only knew her background. In fact, Perdita refuses to accept the high praise given to her, and even makes a joke about how Florizel is dressed with ââ¬Ëa swainââ¬â¢s wearingââ¬â¢ and she ââ¬Ëmost goddess-like pranked upââ¬â¢ so itââ¬â¢s as if they have swapped position. Therefore although she obviously is very aware of the circumstance, she feels no trepidation towards making light of it and further shows how comfortable she is around Florizel. However all her self-deprecating comments make it clear to see how her perception of herself as a ââ¬Ëpoor lowly maidââ¬â¢ is juxtaposed with Florizelââ¬â¢s view of her being better than goddesses, especially as she becomes embarrassed at the constant praise from someone who she thinks is above giving such lovely compliments as says ââ¬ËI should blush to see you so attiredââ¬â¢. Despite their sweet exchange of compliments they also show the side of love that involves fear because Perdita is petrified of what Polixenes will think if he caught his ââ¬Ënobleââ¬â¢ son ââ¬Ëvilely bound upââ¬â¢ to someone as lowly as she is, in fact she even says ââ¬ËI trembleââ¬â¢ showing the extent of her fear. This fear was not at all unfounded because in Shakespearean times someone of nobility marrying a commoner for love was completely unheard of. The majority of royal marriages were arranged and it was not uncommon for those of noble rank to be betrothed very early on in their childhood due to the fact that royal marriages were not about love but instead had economic, social and political reasons as its motive. Hence why someone like Perdita who is completely unaware of her nobility, is very apprehensive about them being together because she feels as though she does not fit the part of a princess, rather she refers to her clothes as ââ¬Ëborrowed flauntsà ¢â¬â¢ as if they are a faà §ade to cover over her reality of not being someone of nobility and that although she looks beautiful in them they donââ¬â¢t change the fact that others will not view her as good enough to marry the prince. Later on she shows how scared she is of the consequences of the relationship when she considers the sacrifices they may have to make, Florizel ââ¬Ëmust change this positionââ¬â¢ and possibly abdicate as heir to the throne, or as she say, she would have to pay with ââ¬Ëmy lifeââ¬â¢. So her conclusions of abdication or even death are a strong example of the complexity and uncertainty that comes from love. But Florizel also demonstrates the romanticism that comes from love as he takes Perditaââ¬â¢s cynical outlook and uses it to reassure her by taking the roman gods as an example. He says that ââ¬Ëthe gods themselves, humbling their deities to love, have taken the shapes of beasts upon themââ¬â¢ so if Jupiter, Neptune and Apollo (all who were very prominent and powerful gods in mythology) could change their form and adapt themselves for the sake of love, then why canââ¬â¢t he do the same, especially considering that he is far more lowly that the deities. In fact Florizel views these transformations as a ââ¬Ëpiece of beautyââ¬â¢ because of the motivations behind it. He continues to try to instil confidence in Perdita by saying that they are better than those gods because he has better virtues, and is ââ¬Ëso chasteââ¬â¢ that he doesnââ¬â¢t want to just sleep with her, on the contrary he says ââ¬Ëmy desires run not before mine honour, nor my lusts burn hotter than my faith.ââ¬â¢ What really shows the romanticism of the couple is the fact that he as a prince could have any woman he wanted without marrying her because he is in the position of authority to do so, but in stark contrast he shows that he is devoted to their relationship and wants to marry her first even if it means making sacrifices. When the context is considered, we can see that Florizel views her somewhat as his equal and treats her with respect which could be seen as a foil for Leontes as he did not give Hermione the respect and dignity she deserved and also he previously made a disparaging comment about being a ââ¬Ëflax-wenchââ¬â¢ inferring that all country women had loose morals. However, from Florizelââ¬â¢s words we see that he is looking past the class difference, treats the woman he loves well as he promises to be ââ¬Ëmost constantââ¬â¢ and faithful to her and as a couple they are proving Leontesââ¬â¢ stereotype wrong. Towards the end of the passage Florizelââ¬â¢s hopefulness and resolve is seen further. After Perdita has aired her concerns and pessimistic conclusions, he says not to think these ââ¬Ëforced thoughtsââ¬â¢ that to him feel unnatural, so as not to ruin the happy occasion. He also states ââ¬ËI cannot be mine own nor anything to any if I be not thineââ¬â¢ making it very clear to Perdita that she is the only one for him and that he is useless without her, which shows how humble he is (just like Perdita). He then leaves the conversation on an optimistic note when he tells Perdita to ââ¬Ëlift up your countenance as it were the day of celebration of that nuptial which we too have sworn to comeââ¬â¢, in effect saying that she should look as happy as she would if it were their wedding day that he has promised will come. This assurance and unwavering resolve to make Perdita his wife is actually very similar to the tenacious attitude of Leontes because both men were dead set on a certain path and refused to be persuaded off of it. So his desire to stay ââ¬Ëconstantââ¬â¢ to Perdita no matter what obstacles will inevitably face them makes the young lovers hopeful and quite resilient, thus bringing hope to the audience after the previously depressing and dramatic events. Some may say that their relationship serves as an idealised form of love, and that itââ¬â¢s what others strive for. Itââ¬â¢s not hard to see why many would agree with this because their relationship is like a breath of fresh air in the context of the rest of the play. This is clearly seen when the couple arrive in Sicilia, Leontes says that they are like ââ¬Ëthe spring to thââ¬â¢earthââ¬â¢ after such a long ââ¬Ëwinterââ¬â¢ of pain, suffering and regret. In fact he goes even further as he says that they ââ¬Ëpurge all infection from our airââ¬â¢ as if they renew everything, ridding the hate from the story. They appear to have a symbolic value as they are seen as the genesis of a new era of love and at the very least; the previous distress and misery can be partially put aside to make room for the hope of a new chapter. So not only does their relationship make them, and those around them happy but they also serve as a symbol of hope, as if no bad can come of t heir marriage. This type of pure and innocent love that radiates from the couple makes their relationship idealised because in reality no relationship is ever flawless and the joy that is spread simply from being in the coupleââ¬â¢s presence could easily make the relationship seem fanciful and not feasible from a more pragmatic viewpoint. The other remarkable thing about their relationship is the constancy that comes from Florizelââ¬â¢s unwavering resolve to marry Perdita. We have seen a demonstration of how passionate he is about the woman he loves from the passage, but his steadfastness is carried on even when disaster strikes for the pair. When he is forced to reveal that they are not married and Leontes asks if she is ââ¬Ëthe daughter of a kingââ¬â¢, Florizelââ¬â¢s staunch resolve to marry her is visibly seen in his direct reply of ââ¬Ëshe is, once she is my wifeââ¬â¢. Once again showing how little he cares about her status in society. Furthermore, when Leontes questions if their marriage is a good idea and begins to side with Polixenes, Florizel yet again makes the claim that ââ¬Ëpower no jotâ⬠¦ to change our lovesââ¬â¢ clearly showing Leontes that he will not be changing his mind which of course strikes a chord with the king, especially since the two men have shown a similar unswervin g devotion to an idea before. However, it is worth noting that Florizel is not the only one constantly defending their relationship but Perdita has her say too. Camillo shows his cynicism towards love when he states that ââ¬Ëaffliction changesââ¬â¢ it, she responds by saying ââ¬ËI think affliction subdues the cheek but not take in the mindââ¬â¢. So she too shows a similar devotion to Florizel when she explains that true love does not alter when in the face of challenges, although may suppress happiness for a while, it wouldnââ¬â¢t change ââ¬Ëthe mindââ¬â¢ or in other words their dedication to each other. Clearly this is no mere fling, but instead they show that they are both wholeheartedly devoted to the marriage despite any opposition that may come their way. Some might say that this optimism and steadfastness is not realistic, at least in the long term. So whilst many may yearn to be with someone forever, it is not always possible, hence why the couple could b e seen as idealised because their idea of eternal love is what the majority of couples strive for. Their relationship also defies expectation, politics and class difference throughout all the time the two are seen as a couple. As stated before, in reality a Prince wouldnââ¬â¢t have been allowed to even comprehend marrying someone of a lower class but because Shakespeare portrays them as a foil to Hermione and Leontesââ¬â¢ relationship in a somewhat idealised fashion, Florizel states his eternal love for her before knowing her real background and the revelation of who her actual parents were, is made just in time for them to get married and so that Polixenes can no longer object. Following this line of thought, the way their relationship works out seems almost too perfect. Granted they have encountered difficulties but after the gentlemen explain that Perdita has been verified as Leontesââ¬â¢ lost daughter, not only can they eliminate the issue of nobility from their relationship but if they got married it would also consolidate a political alliance between both Sicilia an d Bohemia making them a perfect match. Their fathers would be able to reunite and ignite an old friendship once again, making the couple and their families happy as Leontes and Polixenesââ¬â¢ reunion was said to be very emotional ââ¬Ëfor their joy waded in tearsââ¬â¢. Leontes could now freely ââ¬Ëembrace his son-in-lawââ¬â¢. As moving as the gentlemenââ¬â¢s poetic recollection of the encounter is, it does emphasise the unattainable aspect of their relationship as the phrase you canââ¬â¢t please everyone springs to mind. Their union seems to do the exact opposite and tick the boxes from the secular/political point of view, sentimental issues aside, which really shows how idealised their circumstances turn out to be because after all of their anxiety absolutely everything eventually works in their favour. On the other hand, other critics may feel that to call them ââ¬Ëidealisedââ¬â¢ is a bold claim. After all they have to contend with a lot of terrible things and a completely ideal relationship is often portrayed as somewhat paradisiacal. Shakespeare would have wanted the audience to perceive not only the individual characters as complicated but also their interactions and relationships with others as complex rather than completely clichà © or two-dimensional. An example of this is seen when Polixenes breaks his disguise and reacts to the couple getting engaged without his blessing. Polixenesââ¬â¢ rage mars the coupleââ¬â¢s previously blissful relationship as he calls Perditaââ¬â¢s adopted father an ââ¬Ëold traitorââ¬â¢ and threatens to hang him whilst he hurls the accusation at her that she is a ââ¬Ëfresh piece of excellent witchcraftââ¬â¢. His anger crescendos as he makes the claim that he will ââ¬Ëhave thy beauty scratched with briarsââ¬â¢ as he wi shes to destroy her good looks and inflict pain on her for making his son fall in love with her. This theme of witchcraft and enchantment is taken further when he calls her a ââ¬Ëknackââ¬â¢ meaning that she is nothing more than a little trinket but the word also has connotations with deceitfulness, so in effect he is saying that she has almost tricked Florizel into wanting to marry her as if she has put a spell on him. So this scene, despite being followed by Florizelââ¬â¢s poetic declarations of unwavering love for Perdita, shows that their relationship was far from ideal. Granted everything works out in the end, but not before Florizelââ¬â¢s father can threaten innocent people with death and hurl derogatory names and accusations towards his sonââ¬â¢s future bride saying that she is ââ¬Ëunworthyââ¬â¢ of him. The union of the two actually causes them so many problems and results in Polixenes forewarning her that he will ââ¬Ëdevise a death as cruel for thee as thou art tender toââ¬â¢tââ¬â¢. So the constant intimidation condemnation from Polixenes hardly makes the coupleââ¬â¢s lives easy, in fact it makes them resort to running away to Sicilia in order to be together. Moreover, we see from the passage that there is a lot of fear and apprehension in their relationship. Of course, the two are devoted to each other but that doesnââ¬â¢t stop Perdita from being very scared about their future. After Polixenesââ¬â¢ outburst, Perdita is forced to tell Florizel to ââ¬Ëbe goneââ¬â¢ because she knew ââ¬Ëwhat would come of thisââ¬â¢. Itââ¬â¢s as if the experience has shaken her out of the fantasy she was living in and she states that sheââ¬â¢ll ââ¬Ëqueen it no inch farther, but milk my ewes and sheepââ¬â¢. Her dream starts to crumble around her and she now has to stop pretending that their relationship would have ever worked out. In the passage also, we have seen her show this kind of trepidation when she doubts Florizelââ¬â¢s ability to keep to his word and says ââ¬ËYour resolution cannot hold when ââ¬Ëtis opposed, as it must be, by thââ¬â¢power of the Kingââ¬â¢ so once again her realistic outlook shows as she ack nowledges that no matter how strong their love is, nor Florizelââ¬â¢s resolve, neither of them are really any match for the King. Due to the divine right of Kings Polixenes would be free to act in whichever way he pleased and do whatever he wanted to Perdita (and her family) if he found out about her relationship with his son. Therefore they seem to, at least partially, live in this fear that they will be outed so that would have taken a toll on them, highlighting another reason why their relationship may not have been perfect. Perdita is the prime example of showing feelings that any other normal human would have in her situation, she is frightened of what Polixenes would do but also frightened of losing Florizel. Being caught between this dilemma allows Shakespeare to highlight her humanity and fear, so she too has her weaknesses and isnââ¬â¢t always as valiant as you may expect from a typical idealised relationship. The problems with their relationship are also highlighted through what Florizel says to her. We have seen how romantic he is and the extent of his love for her, however there are a few things he says that have a second connotation or different meaning that may show a different side to their ââ¬Ëidealisedââ¬â¢ relationship. An example of this is found when he calls her ââ¬Ëgood falconââ¬â¢. Falconry was often associated with royalty so he may just be making a sweet comment about the inevitability of her becoming his wife and thus becoming royalty through marriage. This of course shows his ever strong resolve to look past her lower status and marry her. However, whilst Falcons are graceful, beautiful and powerful, which could be all the qualities her is attributing to Perdita, they also have the connotation of being restrained creatures. Falconry involves training and control which could be alluding to his own views that she would be somewhat subservient to him and he would have dominance over her. Nevertheless, it would be unwise to see this quote without context because in Shakespearean times there was a distinct inequality between sexes so you could write this comment off as Florizel being a victim of his era and this ideology may have been ingrained in him from an early age, however due to the fact that Shakespeare is seen by many experts as somewhat of a proto-feminist you could argue that the link with falconry was intentional and is a hint that despite the love they have there will always be underlying problems in a relationship, even if that is inherent sexism. Therefore Shakespeare may be showing that the lovers are not as idealised as one may think they are on first glance. In the crucial scenes of Act IV, Shakespeare paints a complex picture of Florizel and Perditaââ¬â¢s love, highlighting romanticism, perception, humility, fear and the staunch resolve they have to get married no matter what comes their way. Whilst their relationship is idealised in many ways as has been discussed there is no doubt that there are problematic elements. It is true that there are many perfect aspects that many people strive for with their love but in my opinion, it is no accident that Shakespeare adds death threats, terror, distress and underlying issues into the mix. One could argue that the issues they have to face makes them even more idealised because it showcases in the way in which they deal with them and the manner in which everything eventually works out perfectly; however, while Shakespeare may use the couple as a bit of relief from the drama before, he also would likely have wanted them to be viewed as complicated characters with an interesting relationship, thus justifying why difficulties are added to their story.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
How the Romans Voted in the Roman Republic
The vote was almost a side issue. When Servius Tullius, the sixth king of Rome, reformed the tribal system of Rome, giving the vote to men who had not been members of the three original tribes, he increased the number of tribes and assigned people to them on the basis of geographic location rather than kinship ties. There were at least two main reasons for the extension of the suffrage, to increase the tax body and to add to the rolls of young men suitable for the military. Over the next couple of centuries, more tribes were added until there were 35 tribes in 241 B.C. The number of tribes remained stable and so new citizens were assigned to one of the 35 no matter where they lived. So much is pretty clear. Details are not so sure. For instance, we dont know whether Servius Tullius established any of the rural tribes or just the four urban ones. The importance of the tribes was lost when citizenship was extended to all free people in A.D. 212 by the terms of Constitutio Antoniniana. Posting Issues Roman assemblies were called to vote after notice of issues had been publicized. A magistrate published an edict in front of a contio (a public gathering) and then the issue was posted on a tablet in white paint, according to the University of Georgias Edward E. Best. Did Majority Rule? Romans voted in a couple of different groupings: by a tribe and by centuria (century). Each group, tribe or centuria had one vote. This vote was decided by majority vote of the constituents of said group (tribe or tribe or centuria), so within the group, each members vote counted as much as anyone elses, but not all groups were equally important. Candidates, who were voted on together even when there were multiple positions to fill, were counted as elected if they received the vote of one-half of the voting groups plus one, so if there were 35 tribes, the candidate won when he had received the support of 18 tribes. Polling Place Saepta (or ovile) is the word for the voting space. In the late Republic, it was an open wooden pen with probably 35 roped-off sections. It had been on the Campus Martius. The number of divisions is thought to have corresponded with the number of tribes. It was in the general area that both tribal groups and comitia centuriata held elections. At the end of the Republic, a marble structure replaced the wooden one. The Saepta would have held about 70,000 citizens, according to Edward E. Best. The Campus Martius was the field dedicated to the war god, and lay outside the sacred border or Pomoerium of Rome, as Classicist Jyri Vaahtera points out, which is significant because, in early years, Romans may have attended the assembly in arms, which didnt belong in the city. Voting was also held in the forum. Centuriate Voting Assembly The centuriae may also have been started by the 6th king or he might have inherited and augmented them. The Servian centuriae included about 170 centuriae of foot soldiers (infantry or pedites), 12 or 18 of equestrians, and a couple of others. How much wealth a family had determined which census class and therefore centuria its men fit in. The wealthiest infantry class had close to a majority of the centuriae and were also allowed to vote early, just after the cavalry whose first position in the metaphorical voting line (may have) earned them the label praerogativae. (It is from this use that we get the English word prerogative.) (Hall says that later after the system was reformed, the first [selected by lot] centuria to vote had the title of centuria praerogativa.) Should the vote of the wealthiest (infantry) first class and that of the cavalry be unanimous, there was no reason to go to the second class for their vote. The vote was by centuria in one of the assemblies, the comitia centuriata. Lily Ross Taylor thinks the members of a given centuria were from a variety of tribes. This process changed over time but is thought to have been the way the vote worked when the Servian Reforms were instituted. Tribal Voting Assembly In tribal elections, the voting order was decided by sortition, but there was an order of the tribes. We dont know exactly how it worked. Only one tribe might have been chosen by lot. There might have been a regular order for the tribes that the winner of the lottery was allowed to jump over. However it worked, the first tribe was known as principium. When a majority had been reached, the voting probably stopped, so if 18 tribes were unanimous, there was no reason for the remaining 17 to vote, and they didnt. The tribes voted per tabellam by ballot by 139 B.C., according to Ursula Hall. Voting in the Senate In the Senate, voting was visible and peer-pressure-driven: people voted by clustering around the speaker they supported. Roman Government in the Roman Republic The assemblies provided the democratic component of the mixed form of Roman government. There were also monarchic and aristocratic/oligarchic components. During the period of kings and the Imperial period, the monarchic element was dominant and visible in the personage of the king or emperor, but during the Republic, the monarchic element was elected annually and split in two. This split monarchy was the consulship whose power was deliberately curtailed. The Senate provided the aristocratic element. References The Centuriate Assembly before and after the Reform, by Lily Ross Taylor; The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 78, No. 4 (1957), pp. 337-354.Literacy and Roman Voting, by Edward E. Best; Historia 1974, pp. 428-438.The Origin of Latin suffrà gium, by Jyri Vaahtera; Glotta71. Bd., 1./2. H. (1993), pp. 66-80.Voting Procedure in Roman Assemblies, by Ursula Hall; Historia (Jul. 1964), pp. 267-306
Monday, May 18, 2020
The Antebellum Era Major Social Reform Movements Essay
The antebellum period was full of social reform movements based on the urge to eradicate evil and improve human conditions in society. Despite the attempt to deal with a wide variety of reforms to provide positive changes to society these reform movements were met with varying degrees of success. This essay will focus on five of the major social reform movements of that era discussing their accomplishments, failures and impacts on America as a whole. They are the reforms of abolition, womenââ¬â¢s suffrage, temperance, institutional and educational reforms. The reform movements of the 1830ââ¬â¢s and 1840ââ¬â¢s were largely due to humanitarian reasons because of a period of Enlightenment in the previous century which emphasized rational overâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Quakers were the first to denounce slavery because of their religious belief that all people are equal in the eyes of God. In the South servitude and slavery were taken for granted as part of a time honored class system that promoted the ââ¬Å"cottonocracyâ⬠with elitist wealth and privilege. Black service in American armies during the revolution, black abolitionist petitions for emancipation and the actions of white anti-slavery societies all motivated the movement to the forefront of American politics. The movement had a negative impact on the South due to the growth of the cotton industry and the invention of the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793 making slavery an even more vital part of the Southern and national economies. This encouraged legislation that limited rights of free blacks which gave way to the Underground Railroad and the Fugitive Slave Law in 1850. Black unrest in the South inspired urgency among white abolitionists who feared that maintaining slavery would lead to more violence. As a result of the abolitionist movement the Liberty Party was formed with candidates running in every election between 1840 and 1860. However, the abolitionist movement did not abolish slavery or improve the status of African-Americans in the antebellum period and only suc ceeded in making the South more militant against the idea of abolitionism which created violent riots in some areas. Abolitionism paved the way for further reforms which included womenââ¬â¢sShow MoreRelatedAmerican Reformers, By Ronald G. Walters1087 Words à |à 5 PagesAmerican Reformers,1815-1860 Book Review American Reformers, 1815-1860 goes into the social and political issues surrounding the Jackson Presidency. Ronald G. Walters effectively chronicalizes the reformation and radicalization of the main issues prevalent in early 19th century. These issues included slavery, alcoholism, womenââ¬â¢s rights, religion and science. 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But overtime their mindset developed toward aRead More American Slavery Essay2907 Words à |à 12 Pagescontrast, that new religious fervor became an impetus for social reform and empowered some whites to try to rid the world of its many evils, including slavery. Slavery underwent significant changes as the country moved from the colonial to the antebellum era. The American slavery of 1760-1861 was shaped by the political, economic, and religious changes affecting the nation as a whole; the latter-day manifestation of slavery was both a major departure from and an indisputable product of the earlierRead MoreIrish Immigration in America Essay1737 Words à |à 7 Pages### ### American Military University Journey to America Story of the Irish in Antebellum America HS101 - US History to 1877 William J. McMonigle - 3055083 Friday, October 28, 2005 When many think of the times of immigration, they tend to recall the Irish Immigration and with it comes the potato famine of the 1840s however, they forget that immigrants from the Emerald Isle also poured into America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The assimilationRead MoreIn The Highly Analyzed Short Story ââ¬Å"The Birth-Mark,â⬠Author1873 Words à |à 8 Pagesthe use of his allegorical theme of societyââ¬â¢s need for perfection, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses symbols such as the birthmark on the protagonistââ¬â¢s face, Aylmer as a representation of society, and the portrayal of the negative components of the Victorian social life to convey the theme of the story. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of ââ¬Å"The Birth-mark,â⬠was an American short story writer and romance novelist whose work belonged to the sub-genre of Dark Romanticism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, MassachusettsRead MoreIrish Immigration In America Essay example1782 Words à |à 8 PagesJourney to America Story of the Irish in Antebellum America HS101 - US History to 1877 When many think of the times of immigration, they tend to recall the Irish Immigration and with it comes the potato famine of the 1840s however, they forget that immigrants from the Emerald Isle also poured into America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The assimilation and immigration of the Irish has been difficult for each group that has passed through the gates of Ellis IslandRead MorePostal Age1081 Words à |à 5 Pagesletters. Thankfully, Henkin skimmed through much of the political legislation or campaigns behind critical postal reforms. Personally I did not care enough to want to know about the intricate background history of every postal age milestone. I am convinced that a plethora of those references would derail the books flow and progress. 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Monday, May 11, 2020
Than vs. Then How to Choose the Right Word
Because the words than and then sound alike, they are sometimes confused. Although theyà were once used interchangeablyââ¬âindeed centuries ago their spellings and pronunciations frequently interchangedââ¬ânow there is a clear difference between them. Use than to make a comparison; use then to place events in time or things in order. How to Use Than The function word than is used to indicate a point of difference or comparison, as in: Shes taller than you are. Than usually follows a comparativeà form,à but it can also follow words such as otherà andà rather. The grandmasters of style, William Strunk and E.B. White, in their book, The Elements of Style, say that you should carefully examine any sentence with than to ensure that no essential words are missing. For example, if you say, Im probably closer to my mother than my father, this is an ambiguous sentence, say Strunk and White. Its unclear in this comparison if the speaker is closer to her mother than she is to her father or whether she is closer to her mother than her father is. To use than correctly, the writer could instead say, Im probably closer to my mother than I am to my father or Im probably closer to my mother than my father is. This makes the comparison clear in each case. How to Use Then The adverb then means at that time, in that case, or next, as in: He laughed and then he cried. This use of then orders events in terms of time. A similar use of then when placing events in order might be, I first went to the store, and then I got gas. Merriam-Webster notes that you can also use then to denote a previous time: Backà then, children played outside a lot more often. This means that in a previous era, children spent less time indoors. You can also use then to order items, as in: I first counted the bills and then counted the change. Or, Finish your homework, and then you can watch TV. Examples When trying to determine whether you should use than or then, remember that than makes a comparison, whereas then involves ordering events or items. Take the sentence: The quiz was harder than I had expected. In this case, you are making an implied comparison; the test was more difficult than your previous expectations of the test. By contrast, if you say: I answered two questions and then got stuck. You are ordering events; you first answered two questions and then (subsequently), you were stumped. George Orwell, in his classic book Animal Farm, shows how you can use both then and than in the same sentence: Snowball was racing across the long pasture that led to the road. He was running as only a pig can run, but the dogs were close on his heels. Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him.à Then he was up again, running fasterà than ever, then the dogs were gaining on him again. In the final sentence in this passage, the first use of then orders events, noting that Snowball, the pig, slipped and then was up again. The sentence then makes a comparison using the word than: Snowball was running faster than he ran before. Then the sentence again orders events: Snowball was running faster (than ever), but the dogs were then (subsequently) gaining on him. How to Remember the Difference The character Judge Daniel Phelan speaking to Detective Jimmy McNulty in the episode ââ¬Å"One Arrest in the television show, The Wire, explained how to tell the difference between then and than in an impromptu grammar lesson: Look here, Jimmy. You misspelled culpable. And youââ¬â¢re confusing then and than. T-h-e-n is an adverb used to divide and measure time. Detective McNulty makes a mess, and then he has to clean it up. Not to be confused with t-h-a-n, which is most commonly used after a comparative adjective or adverb, as in: Rhonda is smarter than Jimmy. Additionally, both than and comparison have the letter a in them, and then and time both contain the letter e. Or you can remember that than is a comparative adjective or adverb, and both have the letter a, as in: This is bigger than that. By contrast, then and extra both have the letter e. When you are ordering a list or events, you are adding something extra to the previous item, as in: He did this, then he did that, and then he did this other thing. Sources Associated Press Stylebook, The. Basic Books, 2018.How to Use Then and Than | Ask The Editor | Learners Dictionary.Strunk, William, and E. B. White.à The Elements of Style. Allyn and Bacon, 2000.Thenââ¬â¢ Versus ââ¬ËThan.à Quick and Dirty Tips, Grammar Girl, 27 Oct. 2017.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Story Map Of Home - 2007 Words
The story Map of Home gives insight into the lives of a family that has been pushed out of their home that now must travel to different countryââ¬â¢s as refugees. One of the points of conflict in the book is based on the us vs them dichotomy which is based on the notion of fear of others and fear of reaction. This situation has caused a fracture between the refugees and the countryââ¬â¢s taking them in. In this paper one will also see how this conflict relates the situation in Paris and also argue the position of whether it is right to justify action based on fear. This is problematic because this process deems ignorance, fear and pride as an acceptable way of approaching a situation when it should be approached with kindness, and respectâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The attack has fractured the relationship between nations and refuges which has caused a dire problem for [refugees] ââ¬Å"a person who flees for refuge or safety, especially to a foreign country, as in time of political upheaval, warâ⬠(Dictionary.com) all over the world. Many countries are closing their doors on refugees based on the notion of fear and what if. For example, What if we get bomb or threatened? What if the refuges are terrorist? This notion is based on fear and fear of others, which instills a fear of rejection to those looking for help. The most difficult part about this conflict is that the questions being asked are important to the security of the country. Most of the people that are refugees are running away from the same terrorist group that attacked Paris. When we react with an emotion reaction like fear and enclose oneself from the problem we are rejecting the refugees and we are falling in to the us vs, them dichotomy. [Dichotomy] ââ¬Å"Division into two mutually exclusive, opposed, or contradictory groupsâ⬠(Dictionary.com). Were we are pitted against each other and neither wanting to risk the lives of the ones held dear. To solve this problem one needs to approach both dichotomies with a better solution, which doesnââ¬â¢t, put both parties at risk or against each other. In the book Map Of home, a public and personal account of the conflict between Israel and Palestine is told. The conflict left many
My Personal Theory Free Essays
string(43) " I worked for a while in a school setting\." My Personal Theory of Counseling Kristen Bellows University of Texas at San Antonio My Personal Theory of Counseling Perhaps nothing is as significant to the success of the therapeutic process and nothing represents the foundation of successful therapy more than oneââ¬â¢s personal theory of counseling. All individuals in all aspects of life work from some belief system, perspective, or model of how the world works, how things are, and how things interact. Developing a deep understanding of oneââ¬â¢s own personal theory leads to better decision-making with respect to the therapeutic process, including therapist approach and client interaction. We will write a custom essay sample on My Personal Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Such an understanding also promotes a greater ability to intervene more effectively with clients whose values are in contrast to oneââ¬â¢s own. Being aware of oneââ¬â¢s own personal theory of the world and, subsequently, oneââ¬â¢s view of counseling, also helps the therapist identify individual strengths and areas for improvement. The personal orientation of the therapist is a sum total of many influences such as interests, self-awareness, experience, values, and compassion for others, among many other things. Such influences have a direct impact on oneââ¬â¢s personal theory of counseling. For instance, my Christian upbringing, experiences, and beliefs have a significant impact on my personal view of the world and others and, therefore, also on my theory of counseling. My religious beliefs and values coincide with some therapeutic approaches and not others. In this paper I delve into my recent introspective and reflective explorations as well as the experiences and lessons I have learned throughout my life which has led me to embrace and adopt the particular theory ofà counseling I believe suits me the most at this time. Of all the theories I have learned for the duration of this class, none has resonated with me as much as Existentialism. While I have a tremendous reverence for psychoanalysis and its focus on examining the causal factors behind oneââ¬â¢s thoughts, feelings and behaviors i. e. oneââ¬â¢s past/childhood, the unconscious, as well as its contribution of key concepts to counseling such as transference and countertransference, I am a bit unsettled by the deterministic and rigid view this approach takes of human nature. I connect much more deeply to the philosophies ofà existentialism: the emphasis it places on an authentic and genuine encounter with clients, its recognition and respect for the clientââ¬â¢s subjective world, trust in the capacity of the client to make positive decisions and the concepts it focuses on in counseling such as meaning, purpose, freedom, responsibility, choice, isolation, death concepts that relate to our mere existing in the world and the larger scheme of life. I tend to shy away from the theories such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, feminist therapy, and gestalt therapy, which are very technique-oriented, exercise-driven, directive in approach, and simply require too much action on the therapistââ¬â¢s behalf. I feel these theories do not allow much of the clientââ¬â¢s pursuits and search for meaning in life to come through or at least, it is not the major focus of therapy. I do recognize that for some clients these other therapies may be useful, which is why I do not discredit nor dislike them; I just feel that they do not mesh with who I am personally and are not as inherent to my way ofà being as much as the precepts of existentialism are. Personally, I hope to find out my purpose in life and contribute something meaningful to the world. Over the few months of self-reflection, I realize that I simply get great joy through serving others and helping them in any way I can. I am more concerned with creating a meaningful identity and relationships with others as I recognize the limits to my existence. I know that one day, I, as well as everyone else will die, and I therefore have a longing to make the most of my time on earth and the time spent with others filled with less conflict and more harmony and love. To me, love is the ultimate gift in this world, and I think it is one of the most powerful gifts that I possess and would like to share with everyone. I always believe there is something good to love in everyone and donââ¬â¢t believe in categorizing people as good or bad, healthy or unhealthy. I donââ¬â¢t believe that oneââ¬â¢s existence is fixed or that people are tied to theirà past. I think we are always re-creating ourselves and making sense of each moment of the life we live. Perhaps I relate so well to the concepts of existentialism also because it explores basic dimensions of the human condition, particularly death, which closely ties in with religion. Religion, namely that of the Baptist religion, has played a large role in my life. It has helped me make sense of life and been a moral compass in most regards. The parallel I see drawn between the Baptist religion and existentialism in terms of death occurs when I think about the Lenten season and something the priest says on Ash Wednesday: ââ¬Å"Remember man that thou art dust and unto dust thou shalt return. â⬠This act reminds me of our mortality, similarly to how the existentialist perspective tries to allow us to grasp the inevitability of death. Death to me is not something I try to avoid thinking about. It is something that I am very aware of and has had a marked impact on my life. I am constantly seeking a life full of zest, meaning, and one that is filled with love and service to others. In this search, I have experienced the existential anxiety that comes from some of the inevitable conditions of simply being alive. That is, loneliness, finiteness and freedom of choice all bring up a certain amount of anxiety in me, yet I use this anxiety as reason to make changes in my life. After I graduated with my degree in psychology in 2003, I worked for a while in a school setting. You read "My Personal Theory" in category "Essay examples" Working in the school especially caused a lot ofà anxiety in me because I constantly felt that I was not living up to my potential. I just felt as though the job I was doing was a means to no end. My view on work is that it should not be just a job, but rather a career, a lifestyle, something that you are proud to call your profession. It has helped me make sense of what I am called to do and given my life a purpose. I am happy with the path I am on right now. As an existentialist, therapy would also be structured around increasing a clientââ¬â¢s self-awareness. This is important because we need to be aware of our capacities in order to exercise freedom and live as fully as possible. I would try to especially help clients take responsibility forà their lives instead of passively letting circumstances and external forces direct their future. I would try to point out how it would be an inauthentic way of living if one subsumes the role of a victim instead of exercising the freedom that they possess. I strongly believe that we can create and shape our lives and rise to the challenges that it may present us with. In saying all this, I would not take a directive stance in expressing these opinions, as in doing so, I would be making decisions and choices for the client that they might not choose to accept. I would rather challenge them to explore how they have been living in the past that has prompted them to seek therapy today and help them discover new ways of living that will lead to a change in their situation. A large part of therapy as well would include helping clients trust in themselves to find the answers, rather than look to others to direct them. Ultimately, we are alone. As cynical as it may sound, we did come into the world alone and we will die alone. We of course depend on ourà human relationships with others and connecting with others is very important, however, we must be able to function as our own person firstly and form our own identity in order to relate healthily to others. One cannot rely all the time on others for the answers and depend upon them for their happiness. In therapy, when clients try to do the same of me as a therapist, in order to break this pattern, I would explain to them that there is no easy answer and that they alone have the capability to find the right answer. In therapy, I would also try to provide the space for clients to find meaning in their life by asking questions that help them explore whether or not they are content with their current life, and who they are becoming, as well as helping them establish values that they will need to adopt in order to live a life that is meaningful to them. I would also be sure to talk frankly about the reality of death. Ignoring the topic of death makes its presence even stronger than if one were to confront it. In doing this, that is, addressing a fear that seems overwhelming to explore, a client is also opened up to experiencing life in a more authentic way. Along with the goals of exploring anxiety, self-awareness, death, freedom and responsibility, and a meaningful life, the relationship between the client and me is of central prominence. Our therapeutic encounter will be the activator of positive change and it requires honesty and authenticity of me as well, in order to join the client in their subjective experience. I believe as a therapist, it will take a lot of courage, respect and faith in the clientââ¬â¢s ability to grow and reach greater heights and it is important that I am fully present to the client in ourà encounters. Although right now I am solely focusing on the existential approach to therapy, I believe that later on as I see a variety of clients, I may need to adapt certain interventions orà techniques from other theories that might be suitable for a particular client. However, I believe my main assumptions and goals for clients will remain in line with that of existentialism. The existential theory of counseling appears to be an appropriate theoretical base to use in counseling because it fits my style of counseling. It is supportive of the client finding meaning in life, which resolves the existential anxiety many people are feeling today. In addition the existential philosophy supports clientsââ¬â¢ spiritual growth but likewise can be used with a secular approach as well. In the same way I would evaluate a clientââ¬â¢s success on the basis of whether they have been able to find a purposeful existence through the discovery of theirà strengths, their own freedom of choice etc. , is how I would evaluate myself personally and as a counselor. Can I live authentically? Can I create a life of meaning? Can I sit with ambivalence and anxiety? Can I make my own choices without having to depend on others? Can I face my fears rather than live a restricted existence? I do not have all the answers to these questions thus far, but they are important questions to me that I am always trying to answer. They are questions which I will probably always be asking myself as I re-evaluate and re-discover myself, but one thing I have realized thus far that is true for me, is that love is the highest goal to which I aspire. I wish to serve others and bring about change in others in counseling through this vessel. References Seligman, L. , Reichenberg, L. W. (2010). Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy: Systems, Strategies, and Skills (3rd ed. ). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. How to cite My Personal Theory, Essay examples
Bring You Back by Brett Eldredge free essay sample
Brett Eldredge has a voice that is undeniably unique in todays music world. Having moved to Nashville to pursue his career as a songwriter, he penned tracks for the likes of Hank Williams Jr., Gary Allan, and Trace Adkins. He obviously has a lot to offer, and his label knew it, waiting three years for the up-and-comer to release his full-length debut. ââ¬Å"Bring You Backâ⬠is not your run-of-the-mill debut record. Eldredge had a hand in penning 11 of its 12 tracks with some of Nashvilles most respected songwriters, and its production is far beyond what you would expect for a new artist. The albums second single, ââ¬Å"Dont Ya,â⬠has been burning up the charts since October. The album has a bit of everything for everybody. Kicking it off is ââ¬Å"Tell Me Where to Park.â⬠The country-rock-themed track leads the way for the rest of the material. Youll find mid-tempos, ballads, and uplifting songs all in just over 40 minutes of music. We will write a custom essay sample on Bring You Back by Brett Eldredge or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Its quite rare to find a new artist, especially in the country music genre, who is as confident as Eldredge. The album doesnt feel rushed; it is well paced, and on tracks like the stellar ballad ââ¬Å"One Mississippi,â⬠his patience is very much appreciated. For me, and hopefully many other country music fans, ââ¬Å"Bring You Backâ⬠is one for the history books. There are many styles on this album, but everything is placed subtly within the seams of each track. I feel it is just the beginning to a whirlwind of success.
Thursday, April 30, 2020
Informative Speech on Autism Essay Example
Informative Speech on Autism Paper ââ¬Å"Work to view my autism as a different ability rather than a disability. Look past what you may see as limitations and see the gifts autism has given meâ⬠¦Be my advocate, be my friend, and weââ¬â¢ll see just how far we can goâ⬠ââ¬âEllen Botbohm, author of Ten Things Every Child with Autism Wishes You Knew. Autism, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder, or ASD, is a complex developmental disability. I happen to have two nephews with autism, one who I am very close to and interact with a lot. A child is usually diagnosed with autism during the first three years of life. It is a result of a neurological disorder that has an effect on normal brain function, and affects the development of the personââ¬â¢s communication and social interaction skills. A person with autism will most likely stick to certain behaviors and routines and will resist any change. No two people with autism have the same symptoms. Some may have mild symptoms while others may have more severe symptoms. Although there are treatments available, sadly there is no cure for autism. Autism is diagnosed based on clinical observation and testing using one or more standardized tests by a team of doctors that include pediatricians, neurologists, occupational therapist, physical therapists, developmental specialists, and speech language pathologists. The pediatrician will do a general physical examination, which will then refer the patients to a neurologist. When I accompanied my sister to some appointments for her son, I realized the neurologist sent him for an MRI of the brain. We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech on Autism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech on Autism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Informative Speech on Autism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I asked how this would help and he explained it would allow them to see if there is any underdevelopment with his brain. From there they are further evaluated by the psychiatrist or psychologist, as well as the speech pathologist or audiologist, to determine if there is any hearing loss or problems with language skills. The doctors will usually diagnose a patient by analyzing impairments in eye contact, facial expressions, and gestures. Some children will have a lack of spoken language or delays in social or emotional interactions. In addition, parental interview and observations and medical history are taken into consideration. My sister went through some parental interviews, having been asked question such as if there had ever been anyone on either side of my nephewsââ¬â¢ family with autism, or if she had observed any abnormal behavior with David since he was born. She indicated that she noticed he would cry most of the time or scream a lot. Her observations and the tests that the doctors performed helped them come to the conclusion that David in fact was autistic. Research suggests that children as young as 1 year old can show signs of autism. Some of these signs are, no speaking or limited speech, difficulty in expressing wants and needs, crying, laughing, becoming angry, or screaming for no apparent reason, no babbling by the age of one, having random tantrums, and little or no eye contact. During the time I have spent with David since he was born, I have noticed many of these signs, especially the tantrums and the screaming or crying. He screams and cries when there is something he wants, but because of the lack of speech we do not understand him. There are also some symptoms that accompany autism. Some children may have a sensitivity to light and loud sounds. Others may experience insomnia, or, like my nephew, may take a very long time to fall asleep at night. Although all of these factors may indicate that a child has autism, children with autism are very special in their own ways. They can actually be smarter in some things that we may find difficult. From experience something that I find special is that they can sometimes express their emotions in a way that I find beautiful, which is with their eyes. My nephew may not know how to speak, but he knows how to show when he is excited to see someone he loves. When I go to visit he runs to me so I can pick him up, and smiles, and begins to play with my hair. He also has a love for music, which runs in the family, which consists of singers and band players. He feels the music, and screams not in anger, but in excitement when he hears it. Autism is a disorder that is difficult to detect at an early age but through early observation it can be treated, but unfortunately not cured. In her book, Ellen Notbohm says ââ¬Å"It all comes down to three words. Patience, patience, patience. â⬠Yes a child with autism requires patience, but also alot of support and above all else love. With help they have the chance of growing into successful adults. They just need to know that we love and believe in them, and that is what they need to go the distance.
Saturday, March 21, 2020
Fictional and Fictitious
Fictional and Fictitious Fictional and Fictitious Fictional and Fictitious By Maeve Maddox Websters Unabridged Dictionary gives the same definition for both fictional and fictitious: of, relating to, characterized by, or suggestive of fiction. Fiction, of course, is anything untrue, whether its a lie or a novel. Websters gives six definitions for fiction, among them: 1 : the act of creating something imaginary : a fabrication of the mind 2 a : an intentional fabrication : a convenient assumption that overlooks known facts in order to achieve an immediate goal b : an unfounded, invented, or deceitful statement 3 a : fictitious literature (as novels, tales, romances) b : a work of fiction; especially : NOVEL Making a distinction between fictional and fictitious, however, is both useful and customary. Fictional tends to be used in talking about fiction in the sense of creative writing: Alice in Wonderland is a fictional character created by the mathematician Charles Dodgson. Fictitious tends to carry a negative connotation and is used to denote fiction associated with dishonesty: The man used a fictitious resumà © to obtain the job. We praise Ken Follett for writing a fictional account of the building of a cathedral, but we condemn a journalist who incorporates fictitious elements in a news story. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Slang Terms for MoneyAt Your DisposalWhat Is the Meaning of "Hack?"
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
Best Ways to Study for Economics Exams
Best Ways to Study for Economics Exams Exams are coming, or they might already be here for some of you! Either way, its time to study. First things first, dont panic. Look at how to study for an economics exam that is a few weeks out, and then consider how to cram the night before a test. Good luck. The Best Way to Study for Economics Exams One to Three Weeks in Advance Congratulations on starting to study early! Heres what to do: Ask your instructor for an exam outline and what to expect on the exam.Create an overview. Review your notes and any assignments you had.Review the courses main ideas.For each big idea, review its sub-topics and supporting details.Practice. Use old exams to get a feel for the style of questions you might be asked. Hints Be realistic. No one can study for 8 hours a day.Make sure you get plenty of food, sleep, and relaxation.Try to study in the same place at the same time every day.At the beginning of each study, period review the last thing you studied for 10 minutes.Rewrite your notes. It can help you retain information.Read your notes out loud.If you dont complete a particular task, dont worry just carry it over to your next session.Dont simply memorize facts. Ask yourself broad open-ended questions about the material thats been covered. The Night Before the Exam Sleep!Try to stick toà review. Dont try to learn anything new.Picture yourself succeeding. One of the key elements for many world-class performers is visualization. The Day of the Exam Eat. Dont skip the meal before your exam because not eating can result in tiredness and poor concentration.Arrive just a few minutes before your exam to avoid the usual wide-spread and contagious panic During the Exam Use a cheat sheet even if youre not allowed to bring one into the exam.Make a cheat sheet of the material you are certain will help. Take it to the exam; throw it out before you sit down, then recopy it from memory, somewhere on the exam booklet, as soon as you can.Read all of the questions (except multiple choice) before beginning, and write notes on the paper for anything important that occurs to you as you read.If youre having a problem with one question move on and return to the problem question if you have time left at the end.Watch the clock. The Best Way to Study If Your Economics Exam Is Tomorrowà While no one really recommends cramming, sometimes thats what you have to do. So here are some hints to get you through it: Pick the most important subjects in your study material.Look over your lecture notes, or someone elses if you dont have any, and see what the lecturer focused on. Concentrate your cramming on these broad areas. You dont have time to learn specifics.The key to cramming is memorization, so it only works for knowledge questions. Focus on material that can be memorized.Spend 25% of your time cramming and 75% drilling yourself.à Reciteà and repeat the information.Relax: being upset at yourself for not studying earlier wont help and may hurt your performance in the classRemember how you felt while studying and while writing the exam and plan to study earlier next time! Hints Be realistic. No one can study for 8 hours a dayMake sure you get plenty of food and sleepTry to study in a quiet placeRewrite your notes. It can help you retain informationRead your notes out loud The Day of the Exam Eat. Dont skip the meal before your exam because not eating can result in tiredness and poor concentration.Arrive just a few minutes before your exam to avoid the usual wide-spread and contagious panic During the Exam Use a cheat sheet even if youre not allowed to bring one into the exam.Make a cheat sheet of the material you are certain will help; take it to the exam; throw it out before you sit down, then recopy it from memory, somewhere on the exam booklet, as soon as you can.Read all of the questions (except multiple choice) before beginning, and write notes on the paper for anything important that occurs to you as you read.If youre having a problem with one question move on and return to the problem question if you have time left at the end.Watch the clock.
Monday, February 17, 2020
Artillery used by the NORTH During the Civil War (Gettysburg) Research Paper
Artillery used by the NORTH During the Civil War (Gettysburg) - Research Paper Example The general classification of Artillery was based on caliber and weight. The other factors considered include mobility, as well as the carriage form or mounting. Notably, "Field" artillery was regarded ordnance light, as well as mobile to help in maneuvering during battle. Numerous larger guns used by the North and South were locked permanently in fortifications. The defense in Washington alone had 98 mortars and 807 guns. Many of such fortification guns were never used in attacking the enemy via the entire war. Regarding the Northern armies, they were uniformly equipped with the 12-pounder Napoleon, 10- pounder, or 3-inch rifle parrots. Although the Northern were armed, their artillery batteries usually had a number of non-standard guns, and all every gun called for different ammunitions. The North had many advantages compared to the South in acquiring small arms. The advantages were the resultant of the fact that the Confederacy entirely relied on the smuggled imports following the advanced naval blockade. The North thus accessed different models from England and France as the Confederate army imported them. According to Allen, in the article Artillery, the organization of Artillery fell into two categories, the union and confederate. Batteries for the union artillery were often constituted of six guns used in three, sections, involving two guns. There were three sections; right, middle, and right sections. Battery for Confederate constituted of four guns. The four guns were of different types, and therefore, supply for the Confederate ammunition to artillery batteries became very difficult to implement. Each Confederate composed of almost sixty-eight men. A Field Artillery battery incorporated six guns at full strength. All guns were linked to a limber being pulled by horses; a caisson was also used to offer more support. There were two chests
Monday, February 3, 2020
Humanities-issues in science and societies proposal Essay
Humanities-issues in science and societies proposal - Essay Example Topic One: Wind farms are known to affect birds through collision, displacement, barrier effects and habitat loss (Drewitt and Langston, 2006). There is some debate about how serious the impact on fish might be (Wahlberg and Westerberg, 2005). Human beings complain about certain impact on the beauty of natural landscapes, and there are suggestions that living near wind farms negatively causes an illness called ââ¬Å"Wind Turbine Syndromeâ⬠(Pierpoint, 2009). Topic Two: Wind farms are using increasingly larger turbines, and though this may look more cost effective than smaller turbines, there are significant operation and maintenance costs to consider (ââ¬Å"Operation and Maintenance Costs,â⬠n.d.). Conclusion: This paper has shown that wind farms have been represented by proponents of green science and politics as an answer to mankindââ¬â¢s need for energy that does not depend on the burning of fossil fuels or the creation of risky nuclear power stations. The evidence shows that there is indeed a place for wind farms in energy planning. These facilities are, however, not as ecologically friendly as one might think, and the cost of building and managing them makes it unlikely that they will ever contribute more than a small proportion of human energy
Sunday, January 26, 2020
The Brief History and Background of Petronas
The Brief History and Background of Petronas Petronas is an acronym for Petroliam Nasional Berhad. It was established in 17 August 1974 as the national oil company for Malaysia. Petronas which is wholly owned by the government it is the corporation which is vested with the entire oil and gas resources in Malaysia and is entrusted with the responsibility of developing and adding value to these resources. Petronas has grown from just being the manager or the regulator of Malaysias upstream sector into a fully integrated oil and gas production. PETRONAS have been ranked among the FORTUNE Global 500à ® the largest corporations in the world. Since it was invested PETRONAS has grown to be an international oil and gas company with business interests in 31 countries. As of the end of March 2005, the Petronas Group comprised 103 wholly-owned subsidiaries, 19 partly-owned outfits and 57 associated companies. Together, these companies make the Petronas Group, which is involved in various oil and gas based activities. The Group is engaged in a wide spectrum of petroleum activities, including upstream exploration and production of oil and gas to downstream oil refining; marketing and distribution of petroleum products; trading, gas processing and liquefaction, gas transmission pipeline network operations, marketing of liquefied natural gas, petrochemical manufacturing and marketing, shipping, automotive engineering and property investment. PETRONAS is doing its business with the major strategy of integration, adding value and globalization. Their major facets of business integration are Exploration and Production; Oil, Gas, Petrochemicals, Logistics and Maritime, Research and Technology and Corporate Sustainability. The market structure of PETRONAS in this context means how PETRONAS fit into the oligopoly market. I will be discussing the characteristics of an oligopoly market and see how PETRONAS match the characteristics. Just to recap oligopoly is the market structure thats has few producers that produce same type of goods and substitute with each other. Examples of oligopoly are Oil industry which I believe PETRONAS fall under this industry, car industry and cigarette industry. The market is dominated by a few large producers of a homogenous or differentiated product. CHARACTERISTICS OF OLIGOPOLY PETRONAS Type of the product is standardized or differentiated Control over price is limited by mutual interdependence, or it is considerable with collusion Conditions of entry has significant obstacles Non-price competition is typically a great deal with product differentiation. The table above clearly shows that indeed PETRONAS fit into the oligopoly market structure as it fulfils most of the oligopoly characteristics. THE MAJOR PLAYERS OF PETRONAS Petroliam Nasional Berhadà (PETRONAS) is 100% owned by Government of Malaysia via Minister of Finance (Inc.). THE CURRENT TRENDS OF PETRONAS Petronas have gained unique skill and proficiency in nation building and this, together with their technical and operational competencies have allowed it to be increasingly accepted as the preferred strategic partner by international companies and the congregation countries where Petronas operate. This really suggests that Petronas is realizing their vision of becoming a Leading Oil and Gas Multinational of Choice. Petronas has transformed from a domestic-based national oil company into a fully integrated oil and gas multinational corporation and as a corporation it has experienced significant milestones. Below are just some of the highlights of the different years. Year Achievements 2006 Signed a joint concession agreement for the North Sidi Kirir Deep offshore exploration block in the Nile Delta, Egypt. 2007 Increased its equity holding in the APA Group to become the single largest shareholder in one of Australias biggest energy transmission and Distribution Company. 2008 Signed the main principles towards a new PSC with ExxonMobil Exploration and Production Malaysia Inc and PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd that would allow the two PSC partners to continue their upstream participation in seven oil fields offshore Peninsular Malaysia. 2009 PETRONAS Dagangan Berhad marked its first biodiesel (B5) delivery to Ministry of Defense (MINDEF) and Dewan Bandaraya Kuala Lumpur (DBKL), an initiative in support of the Malaysian Biofuel Industry Act 2007. PETRONAS Australia Pty Ltd increased its equity holding to 17.23% in the APA Group, making it the single largest shareholder in Australias leading gas transmission and Distribution Company. (Table 1: achievements of Petronas between 2006 and 2009, source: www.petronas.com ) What can be concluded from the above table is that PETRONAS is going places; its market is growing tremendously and there is no doubt that it is not shrinking. PETRONAS have expanded its market to over 30 countries around the world. It has been accepted as the strategic partners by those countries that they are developing their petroleum industry. HOW DOES TECHNOLOGY AFFECT PETRONAS Today we live in a world that is controlled by technology. Almost everything that is done there should be technology included in the process. Petronas as well is significantly being affected by the technological changes that are currently happening worldwide. Looking upon the globalization practices that PETRONAS are currently undertaking, technology is affecting this whole process of the organization. When Petronas is producing using technology, production will be more efficient and that will result in supply being increased. That means due to the advance in technology the supply curve for PETRONAS will increase. Price P 2 P 1 Q 2 Q1 Quantity supplied Diagram 1: how technological changes affect the supply of Petronas However, technology is not the only factor of production existing in the producers plant. There exist more complex interrelationships between these factors to be able to exploit the improved efficiency of one. The most crucial of all is governing human resources. Without proper guidance from the leaders of a firm, production efficiency will not hold because of resistance, de-motivation or just a plain technological ignorance. Technology is not 100% automated and human intervention as well as errors is inevitable. Moreover, technology may also be intended for a specific segment of the industry, say, large corporations. As such, aggregate supply may not necessarily increase because small entrepreneurs who cannot afford to buy the technology cannot contribute in increasing supply. PETRONAS ADVERTISING STRATERGIES PETRONAS just like any company it needs to draw its business to its potential customers so as such there are certain advertising ways that they use to reach out to its customers and the country as a whole. The advertising strategy that PETRONAS has used is a heart strings commercials, (which of course is advertising using the television as the type of media), this means that PETRONAS has used commercials that often create an emotional ambience that draws you to the advertisement and makes you feel great and or so sad. Normally people are more attracted by products that make them feel good or even sad in some cases. PETRONAS has used one of its commercial the PETRONAS Advertisement: Raya 2006 that has touched so many and the video was uploaded on you tube. Even people who watch a lot of PETRONAS advertisements have said that they enjoy watching them and they are always eager for the new advertisements. Petronas also make commercials for every festival that are always happening in Mala ysia example could be of the 49thà Merdekaà Day. The other way that PETRONAS use to advertise is through billboards and newspapers. For billboards as you drive along the road you will find huge boards advertising PETRONAS and by such somebody can come to know about PETRONAS through this way. COLLABORATIONS WITH OTHER MARKETS Petronas is collaborating with some markets and this makes PETRONAS more popular among other markets that they are interacting with. EDUCATION PETRONAS recognize the value of education and it believes that it can develop human capability through education. As such Petronas is collaborating with the education sector in the form of awarding sponsorship loans to local and international students. The Petronas unit that is responsible for handling education matters is called the Education Sponsorship Unit. The sponsorship is in the form of convertible loan. Based on the academic results, co-curricular activities, the family back ground and the assessment of the students personality PETRONAS just dont give out sponsorship but it has criteria that students should meet. PETRONAS has 6 human and capital development programs in Malaysia and abroad. These programs are Educational Training Institutions: In this program Petronas provide world-class educational and training services to people and the nation through the various institutions they have established such as University Technology PETRONAS (UTP), Academy Laut Malaysia, (ALAM )PETRONAS Management Sdn Bhd (PERMATA) and Institute Technology Petroleum PETRONAS (INSTEP). Education Sponsorship Unit: This is the unit that is responsible for handling education matters. PETRONAS e-learning: control the latest information and communication technology (ICT) to provide online training and development programs for Petronas employees. It also offers a wide range of online learning materials, online courses as well as services including eLearning courseware and portal development, designed for professionals. Petrosains: This interactive Science Discovery Centre that encourages the Malaysian public to learn more about science, and explore the infinite possibilities it offers. Schools Outreach: this is a program where PETRONAS outreach for certain schools and invests a considerable effort and resources into education-based outreach activities to inspire and develop the community. Industrial Training: this is the program in which PETRONAS grant students opportunities to partake structured Industrial training. Students that have awarded the sponsorship after they finish their tertiary studies have their convertible loans converted into full scholarship. These students have a binding contract with Petronas that after they finish school they work for the company for two years and for every year they are sponsored. MOTORSPORT Petronas was one of the main sponsors of the BMW Sauber formula one team and it provides fuel and lubricant to the team. Lately last year it was confirmed that it was moving from BMW to the newly-formed Mercedes Grand Prix. Also it is the main sponsor of the Malaysian Grand Prix and the co-sponsors of the Chinese Grand Prix. As part of its corporate social responsibility program, Petronas also brings underprivileged children to watch the race. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSION PETRONAS is a company which falls under the oligopoly type of market structures. Wholly owned by the government, PETRONAS is the countrys one of the company that provide petroleum and gas for the country. PETRONAS from its previous years it has been growing nationwide and worldwide as it has some of its products being used in other countries even outside Asia and as far as Egypt in Africa. It is making a whole lot of profits from its products and as such the country benefits a lot from it. PETRONAS does not only care for the production of petroleum and gas but also collaborate with other markets such as education and provide sponsorship loans to those students which need them. PETRONAS also have established various institutions as their main aim is to enrich the nation with quality education. PETRONAS also participate in somehow entertainment market as it is one of the main sponsors of the newly-formed Mercedes Grand Prix and also main sponsor of the Malaysian Grand Prix. RECOMMENDATIONS As PETRONAS is wholly owned by the government and it has been the company that the government has been focusing on, I recommend that it merge with other energy company which is Tenaga Nasional Berhad. If the government for the next decade focuses on Biomass, PETRONAS should merge with companies such as Sime Derby which was recognized as the biomass champion, as I believe this effort coupled with reengineering technology, will reap a sustainable company that will have a good impact for both energy and food sector in Malaysia.
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